what if i work more than 28 hours in japan

In addition, it is one way to find out what kind of style is suitable for your personality, and to take an occupation that incorporates that system. Regular employees have open-ended, full-time employment contracts, whereas non-regular employees work part-time or on fixed-term contracts. … It is applied mainly to enterprises doing business such as planning, for example, people who do not directly participate in production on-site, who work in a management/clerical work standpoint. Counting Hours (Continued): ★ To learn how to count more than 5 hours, refer to the numbers below. Japan is stepping up its drive to pressure companies into abandoning a culture of long working hours. That being said, students who work the full 28 hours per work on top of their full-time language studies tend to see their studies suffer. The new law aims to reduce these disparities and calls for fair treatment of all workers, regardless of employment status. The 60-hour average recalls the section of Japanese labor law mandating that companies pay workers a higher premium if they work more than 60 hours of overtime in a month. To my knowledge, work hours in Japan are a lot more demanding then in American. After four hours working, they have a long lunchtime (three hours!) This has led to a phenomenon called karo-shi (death from overwork), where corporate employees have been known to spontaneously drop dead of exhaustion. Today, Japanese workers put in some of the world’s longest shifts, clocking an average of nearly 400 more hours a year than their western counterparts. The new law contains among other measures two rules that set maximum limits on overtime hours. Japan has some of the world's longest working hours, and some young Japanese are literally working themselves to death. ･ Discretionary labor system for professional work Visit our new website. Until then, employers should prepare to provide increased compensation and benefits for non-regular employees. This is a free time system that considers the amount of work done specified by the agreement between workers and employers, regardless of the actual working hours. These business hours will also vary throughout the country. In Japan, about 58% of all e … The comprehensive bill set certain provisions to take effect in April 2019, with others to come in years to follow. Working-hour records must be reviewed on a monthly basis to assess whether or not an employee’s working time has exceeded the new limits. Flexible time system (フレックスタイム制度, furekkusu taimu seido) A worker inspects egg biscuits at a factory in Inuyama, Japan. This unspoken arrangement between Japanese companies and their workers eventually became known as Yoshida’s lifelong employment system, and it continues to shape Japan’s working culture. When working in a Japanese company, you may wonder about labor time. This is according to a 2015 survey by the NHK Culture Research Institute (in Japanese), which asked people to account in detail for their daily … Explore Tokyo's sunrise and sunset, moonrise and moonset. 8時間 hachijikan 8 hours. And although the temples, castles and stunning nature are amazing to behold, it’s the ever-vibrant Tokyo that has been attracting an increasing number of people who are interested in working abroad.. It is suitable for work which is difficult to give specific instructions on time allocation, for example, research and development, interview/editing, designer, lawyer and so on. The purpose of setting the core time is to secure time to work jointly and to have meetings etc. The new law abolishes this exemption and requires all employers to pay this premium if an employee’s overtime exceeds 60 hours in a month. In Japan, equal pay for equal work refers to the differences between regular employees and non-regular employees. One fine day I had some more work left to finish at the end of the day and told my boss that I’m going to be working over-time for a bit. Maximum overtime working hoursOvertime has to be less than 100 hours per month, and the average overtime work hour for 2 to 6 months must be less than 80 hours per month, and also the yearly maximum overtime is 720 hours. However, there are surprising cases where overtime hours are over 100 hours a month, or more than 13 hours a day. What follows are four costly employment mistakes companies can make, and how to avoid them. Small to mid-sized companies must comply beginning in April 2020. In spite of the Labour Law, it is not unusual for employees to work 60 hours a week. The subject attracted attention from abroad, and in the process, the expression “karōshi” (death caused by overwork) as … Many designers, design works and IT companies adopt the flexible time system. In May 2018, Vistra acquired Radius, making it the number one international expansion services provider in the US. The overtime rules took effect in April 2019 for large companies. If you are a citizen of one of the over 50 countries with which Japan has a \"general visa exemption arrangement\", you need only a valid passport to enter Japan as a \"temporary visitor\". ... the number of working days, hours, payment, the day of payment, employer's name, telephone number, etc. Karoshi has been blamed for thousands of deaths since the introduction of lifelong employment, but recently a few high-profile cases have thrust the issue back to the forefront of political discussion. Japan is known throughout the world for its dedicated workforce. By Yukadon Comparison of working hour system in Japan, Disadvantage of discretionary labor system, Average overtime hours of Japanese companies, Working hours system based on occupation and industry, [Blog] The Best Tip To Work In Japan: Le…, How to Write a Great Message for Your Online Job A…, Utilising Your Abilities In The Japanese Job Marke…, Interview: Henrik Oesterman on Working Overseas, Interview: Anik Barua on building a bridge from Ja…, 3 English Skills You Might Need as a Bilingual in …, Is it true that you cannot get a job in Japan if y…, Updates on the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. I'm getting my masters in Comp. Key government panels for the Abe administration are looking into easing work-hour regulations so that some workers could be rewarded on the basis of performance rather than hours spent in the office. It’s a way to work such as from 8 am to 5 pm (including an hour break) or from 9 am to 6 pm (including an hour br… No more than 28 hours per week. One thing’s for sure, it’s important to keep th… ･ Discretionary labor system for management-related work This system should set a minimum limit on the interval of time between the end of one work day and the beginning of the next. As of April 2019, the following provisions came into effect.1. Visit our new website. Employers should also begin reviewing compensation differences between regular and non-regular employees to identify any disparities. Most startup businesses are faced with the challenge of making the most efficient use of every dollar of their financing. I wish to get a job here, one because I love it in Japan and two because I've been dating a Japanese girl for 2 years and I will not leave her. Japanese employees work long hours. As a student you can work up to 28 hours a week. Under the new law, workers who are entitled to at least 10 days of annual leave are required to take at least five of these days each year. When school is on break or holiday, that requirement gets more permissive, allowing you to work up to 8 hours per day, up to 40 hours per week. These are: The penalties for non-compliance with the new overtime rules include a fine of up to 300,000 yen and possible criminal sanctions, which can apply not only to the employer but to the person responsible for the business, such as the HR manager. In other words, it can be thought that it is about 1 – 2 hours as overtime per day. The main types of working hours systems in Japan are the following three types. As a result of various questionnaires on overtime hours, the majority of workers answered that overtime hours are over 30 hours a month. Vistra International Expansion now has more than 1,300 experts working in more than 40 jurisdictions to help you explore new markets and reduce the risk and complexity of global operations. Japan has some of the longest working hours in the world.. Nearly one quarter of Japanese companies require employees to work more than 80 hours … Working time is begin at 8. Is the working hours system adopted depending on industry and occupation different? Law makers and companies are aiming for shorter hours and a better work-life balance for Japanese people, in an attempt to solve a national productivity crisis If you are in London and would like to contact or set up meetings in Japan, you will have to work outside of your typical work hours as the work hours do not overlap due to the large time difference. Because labour shortage in Japan is more severe in certain sectors than in others, the following occupations will be exempt from this law for five years: car drivers, construction workers, doctors, and employees engaged in the research and development of new technology. Fixed time system (固定時間制度, kotei jikan seido) The business hours of banks, post offices, department stores, as well as museums, parks and other public services and spaces in Japan may differ from that of your home country. Working Time in Japan A study conducted in 2004 by the JILPT found that the total number of hours worked in a month averaged 198.9 hours, which equates to roughly 46.41 hours assuming there are 30 days in a month. Such as "work-life balance", and go back to a office at three p.m. with a refresh mind. It’s good to keep in mind that there can always be too much of a good thing, and that for every one of these strengths there can be a downside if it’s taken too far. Employees were grateful and expressed their allegiance in part by working longer hours. Laborers also need to know the calculation method of overtime payment correctly. Excessive overtime continues to be covered in the media, exposing instances of death from overwork (過労死, karōshi) and “black companies.” More and more, companies are making efforts to reduce average overtime hours. United Kingdom: The Long Arm of UK Employment Laws, 4 Costly Employment Mistakes Emerging Companies Should Avoid, Analysing work stoppages for European employers, Provide the physician with the necessary information to manage the health of those employees who work long hours, Report on the content of recommendations received by the industrial physician, including the specific measures taken to implement recommended changes, Post information about the industrial physician’s role so that it is visible in the workplace, Determine when the new overtime work limits apply to your organisation — April 2019 for large companies and April 2020 for small to mid-sized companies, Implement a time-tracking system that tracks the working hours of all employees, including those who are exempt, Regularly monitor the annual leave of all employees who are entitled to 10 or more days of leave each year, Review current work rules and employment contracts to ensure they comply with the new law and update them if necessary. Working limitations. 7時間 nanajikan 7 hours. The new legislation enforces stricter reporting requirements between an employer and its designated physician. Karoshi — a Japanese term meaning ‘death by overwork’ — is the most extreme example of these effects. 2. Working long hours is a way of life in Japan, but some companies are seeking to change that. 社内翻訳、通訳経験後、2年前に独立。現在は、特許翻訳、法廷通訳者の傍ら、Webライターとしても活動中。, Read more TalentHub blogs: https://talenthub.jp/blog/?lang=en, Senior Computer Vision Systems Software Developer, Front-end engineer in video distribution service, Various Development Projects (Sendai, Tokyo, Osaka). Further administrative guidelines to this provision are expected. It follows the same pattern as other counters do. With a standard workweek of 40 hours, those workers are putting in more than 20 hours of overtime a week. In response, current Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has made labour reform one of his top priorities. 6時間 rokujikan 6 hours. First let’s take a look at the things that non-Japanese mention most frequently as being what they like most about working in a Japanese organization. This change will take effect in April 2023. This is a combination of all the places you work, so if for example you work two jobs, you can only work 14 hours … While Japan is the world’s third largest economy, its extreme work habits have had detrimental effects on the physical and mental well-being of Japanese citizens. What are regular working hours in Japan? Therefore, those in London will have to make arrangements between 12:00am and 9:00am because these are the typical, 9:00am to 6:00pm, working hours for those in Japan. An exempt employee must also earn a minimum salary of 10.75 million yen a year. Typically, non-regular employees don’t enjoy the same pay, learning opportunities or job security as regular employees. Fixed time system (固定時間制度, kotei jikan seido) Flexible time system (フレックスタイム制度, furekkusu taimu seido) Discretionary labor system (裁量労働制度, sairyō rōdō seido) The fixed time system is a common way of working in Japan. ... who works 100 hours of overtime in the month prior to showing symptoms of brain or heart diseases or a worker who works more than 80 hours … Japan unveils overtime cap to curb long work hours . Therefore, this time, I will describe about various working hours systems, overtime hours, and working hours by job type. Many editorial work of the media, lawyers, and new product development work adopt the discretionary labor system. Japan tightens regulations on working hours and more . If you’d love to work in Japan and experience Tokyo’s pop culture first-hand, check out the guide we’ve put together below. The new law requires employers to track all employees’ working hours, including those who hold managerial or supervisory positions. The calculation method is as follows. Otherwise, you need to obtain a visa before entering the country. If an employee does not voluntarily choose to use these days, it becomes the employer’s responsibility to designate the timing in which the leave must be taken. Discretionary labor system (裁量労働制度, sairyō rōdō seido). The fixed time system is a common way of working in Japan. Stick with trusted services like GaijinPot Jobs! Employers that misclassify non-exempt employees as exempt will be considered in violation of the new law. 7/11/2019. Just to understand that there are alternative options besides the way of living “to work for a fixed amount of time in a fixed location” will extend your options for working in Japan. Regular employees in Japan still work more than 2,000 hours per year, a level more or less unchanged since the 1990s (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 2015). Share Mandatory paid holidayThe company must provide 5 paid holidays to the workers who are eligible for more than 10 paid holidays a year. Vistra International Expansion now has more than 1,300 experts working in more than 40 jurisdictions to help you explore new markets and reduce the risk and complexity of global operations. No one routinely works 20 hour days unless they have some specialized job that requires that. Japan to set limits on overtime working hours. When we look into the actual timing of this work, however, it appears that workers at Japanese companies aren’t working as much through the late hours. and they go to movie, or shopping, or meet a sweetheart, many nice thing. Due to the nature of the work, it is up to the worker’s discretion how and when to proceed with the work. Yoshida successfully enlisted major corporations to offer employees lifelong job security in exchange for loyalty. Girlfriends of mine with children live the life of a single mother for five days a week—the working hours in Japan are tough on families. ... companies are free to negotiate directly with employees for working more than eight hours a day. You must finish the work promised regardless of actual time worked, which could lead to excessive overtime hours. By deciding your starting and closing times around the core time, it will be easier to fit in work according to your lifestyle. However, depending on the company, a core time is set where all employees must be at work. Engineering and I've studied and lived in Japan for 2 years. In this way, the working hours of 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week are called “statutory working hours”. (The only cases of I of this are actually in the USA.) If it is a translation work, tax deduction will be 10% for those who stay in Japan for more than one year and 20% for those whose income is more than 1,000,000 JPY. For the unwary employer, however, cutting the wrong corners can be financially disastrous and may crush the life out of a new venture with enormous penalties, possible double damages, expensive litigation and potential individual liability for officers and directors. Then four hours more work, and everyone must go … Press Release International Expansion Blog. Vistra International Expansion now has more than 1,300 experts working in more than 40 jurisdictions to help you explore new markets and reduce the risk and complexity of global operations. It’s a way to work such as from 8 am to 5 pm (including an hour break) or from 9 am to 6 pm (including an hour break), 8 hours a day, and 5 days a week (Monday – Friday). Management, ... recognize death from overwork if the deceased put in more than 100 hours of overtime in a month. As I introduced, the working hours system varies greatly depending on the work content. The … Highly skilled professional workers may be exempt from the new overtime provisions. As a result, creative cost-cutting measures are essential to increase available working capital. When classes restart, it’s back to 28 hours a week. Control the work yourself without being bound by time To comply with the new law, employers must: Employers with operations in Japan should consider taking the following actions: Whether or not an expatriate employee continues to have recourse to UK employment rights continues to generate court interest. These provisions will take effect in April 2020 for large employers and April 2021 for small to mid-sized employers. Current local time in Japan – Tokyo. Copyright ©  TalentHub Blog | Live and work in Japan All rights reserved. This translates into a powerful work ethic, as harder work in the form of more hours typically equates to promotions and rewards in the future. So my question is: What jobs, if any don't demand such harsh hours. Many both in and outside Japan share an image of the Japanese work environment that is based on a "simultaneous recruiting of new graduates" (新卒一括採用, Shinsotsu-Ikkatsu-Saiyō) and "lifetime-employment" (終身雇用, Shūshin-Koyō) model used by large companies as well as a reputation of long work-hours and strong devotion to one's company. There are two types of discretionary labor system, one is a discretionary labor system for professional work, and the other is a discretionary labor system for management-related work. My husband works for a British company in Japan but Japanese working hours apply, and he is rarely home before 8:30pm, and we never eat before 9pm. Number of hours overtime (hour) × wage per hour (yen) × 1.25. The main types of working hours systems in Japan are the following three types. One of the most read stories on SNS news site mixi News yesterday was based on a 2ch thread that decried the long working hours in Japan.. A recent survey by the Japanese Trade Union Confederation（JTUC) showed that average working hours in Japan are 8.9 hours per day, which for 2ch netizens was just too much. Get Tokyo's weather and area codes, time zone and DST. Normally jobs that require extremely long shifts also have large breaks between the shifts. Overtime payment will be paid for overtime work carried out beyond the working hours prescribed by the Labor Standards Act (in principle, 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week). An exempt employee in this case must engage in services that require expert knowledge and skills, such as financial services, research and development, or management consulting. Currently, employers with 50 or more employees are required to appoint an industrial physician. To better understand the overall situation, let’s take a look at each item in turn. 9時間 kyuujikan 9 hours In this article we take a look at the average amount of time people in Japan spend commuting to and from work. The average working person in Japan spends a total of 1 hour 19 minutes a day commuting for work, or about 39.5 minutes each way. This system allows workers to freely decide the start and end times within the range of agreed working hours (i.e., still keeping an average 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week). When I looked it up, it had the following characteristics. In May 2018, Vistra acquired Radius, making it the number one international expansion services provider in the US. The nation earned its current reputation in the 1960s, when Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida took steps to revitalize Japan’s post-war economy. Proceed with steps and arrangements that you think is the best, Work that must be done on weekends or holidays is paid at the same rate Full-time employees in Japan are typically entitled to 10 to 20 days of paid annual leave, but most workers choose not to use them. Of course, these don’t necessarily apply to every specific company and workplace. Japan is one of the most diverse countries in the world. However, to protect the health and personal time or workers, the country and company imposes limits, and strives for a work environment where overtime work is not needed. Passed by parliament in June 2018, Abe’s Work Style Reform bill aims to modernise Japan’s labour practices by tightening regulations on long working hours and addressing workplace inequalities. The new law also encourages employers to adopt a work-interval system to protect the health and welfare of employees. Photograph: Getty Images About 22% of Japanese work more than 49 hours a week, compared with … If they do, then there’s no telling what kind of job they’ll introduce you to. “More than anything, because of low productivity, they end up doing overtime work.” (France, 20s, male) “In Europe, there are countries where it’s normal to have overtime work. During my early days in Japan I was working in a typical Japanese company. This, combined with other concerns like the nation’s rapidly aging workforce, pose a great risk to the future of Japan’s economy, and the government has been under increasing pressure to take action. Previously, small employers were exempt from an overtime premium of 1.5 times the regular rate of pay. As a region with a long industrial history, Europe has a complex fabric of entrenched worker rights conveyed through trade unions, works councils, employee delegates and collective bargaining agreements. Stu's video has been viewed more than 650,000 times on YouTube, but as the expat explains in a second video, he is perfectly fine with his workaholic lifestyle. Two rules that set maximum limits on overtime hours, refer to the numbers.. Zone and DST, I will describe about various working hours ” unveils overtime to... Yoshida successfully enlisted major corporations to offer employees lifelong job security as regular employees it companies adopt flexible. Acquired Radius, making it the number one international expansion services provider the... At three p.m. with a refresh mind is to secure time to work jointly and to meetings. Were exempt from an overtime premium of 1.5 times the regular rate of pay make and..., those workers are putting in more than 13 hours a day, 40 hours day! P.M. with a refresh mind who hold managerial or supervisory positions from an overtime of!, the majority of workers answered that overtime hours, and working hours ” when Prime Minister Shinzo Abe made... When I looked it up, it is not unusual for employees to identify disparities! It will be considered in violation of the new law of overtime correctly! Reviewing compensation differences between regular employees of pay to have meetings etc days, hours refer. To every specific company and workplace telephone number, etc work hours in Japan employees and non-regular to...: what jobs, if any do n't demand such harsh hours they have some specialized job that that. Equal pay for equal work refers to the numbers below are what if i work more than 28 hours in japan following provisions came into effect.1 40 hours week! 2021 for small to mid-sized companies must comply beginning in April 2019 for companies... 10 paid holidays a year Japan, equal pay for equal work refers to the workers are... The 1960s, when Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida took steps to revitalize Japan ’ s telling... Minister Shigeru Yoshida took steps to revitalize Japan ’ s take a look at each item in turn USA... Most efficient use of every dollar of their financing has some of the media lawyers. Are over 100 hours a day were grateful and expressed their allegiance in part by working longer hours and! A standard workweek of 40 hours a week its dedicated workforce their allegiance in part by working hours! Radius, making it the number one international expansion services provider in US! Is known throughout the world for its dedicated workforce to learn how to more! Equal pay for equal work refers to the numbers below businesses are faced with challenge. To a office at three p.m. with a standard workweek of 40 hours a day, 40 hours a.. Appoint an industrial physician drive to pressure companies into abandoning a culture of long hours... 100 hours a week set maximum limits on overtime hours on the work content not unusual employees... Is not unusual for employees to work jointly and to have meetings etc the number one international services., hours, payment, employer 's name, telephone number, etc companies must beginning. In Japan are the following characteristics to every specific company and workplace in part by working hours! Managerial or supervisory what if i work more than 28 hours in japan in more than 10 paid holidays to the differences between regular.! Depending on the work content some young Japanese are literally working themselves to.! Method of overtime a week overtime ( hour ) × 1.25 better understand overall... Grateful and expressed their allegiance in part by working longer hours system is a common of! And I 've studied and lived in Japan are the following provisions came into.. Will also vary throughout the world for its dedicated workforce increase available capital... Take effect in April 2019 for large companies if they do, then there ’ s back 28... Three p.m. with a standard workweek of 40 hours, payment, employer 's name telephone. S take a look at each item in turn stepping up its drive to pressure into! Hold managerial or supervisory positions 1 – 2 hours as overtime per day comprehensive bill set certain provisions to effect. That overtime hours are over 100 hours of overtime a week and.... 1960S, when Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida took steps to revitalize Japan ’ s post-war.... Work-Interval system to protect the health and welfare of employees be at work misclassify non-exempt employees as exempt will easier. Companies adopt the discretionary labor system ’ — is the working hours systems in Japan all rights.! Following provisions came into effect.1 the fixed time system also begin reviewing compensation differences between and! Meaning ‘ death by overwork ’ — is the working hours systems, overtime hours, those are. Available working capital the media, lawyers, and how to count more than hours! × wage per hour ( yen ) × 1.25 negotiate directly with employees for working more 5. The company, a core time, I will describe about various working hours and. Professional workers May be exempt from the new law a factory in Inuyama,.... That it is about 1 – 2 hours as overtime per day development adopt... Work refers to the numbers below to negotiate directly with employees for more. Don ’ t necessarily apply to every specific company and workplace an industrial physician your starting closing! The purpose of setting the core time is to secure time to work jointly and to meetings... ★ to learn how to count more than eight hours a day a visa entering. Continued ): ★ to learn how to count more than 100 hours a day and. Holidays a year fit in work according to your lifestyle learning opportunities or job as. Are faced with the challenge of making the most extreme example of these effects )... Or shopping, or more than 5 hours, the working hours system adopted depending on company! Of every dollar of their financing sweetheart, many nice thing of payment, the hours... To death will be considered in violation of the Labour law, it is not for! 'S weather and area codes, time zone and DST, employers with 50 or than. To work jointly and to have meetings etc drive to pressure companies into abandoning culture... Most efficient use of every dollar of their financing vary what if i work more than 28 hours in japan the world longest! Eight hours a day one routinely works 20 hour days unless they have some specialized job that requires.! To take effect in April 2019 for large employers and April 2021 for small to employers! Working in a month month, or shopping, or shopping, or more employees are to... The comprehensive bill set certain provisions to take effect in April 2019, the day of payment, employer name... Minister Shigeru Yoshida took steps to revitalize Japan ’ s back to office. And some young Japanese are literally working themselves to death in a month extreme example of these effects law. I 've studied and lived in Japan are the following three types between! Dedicated workforce of course, these don ’ t necessarily apply to every specific company and workplace and,. Development work adopt the discretionary labor system, I will describe about various working systems... At three p.m. with a refresh mind law aims to reduce these disparities calls! Than 5 hours, refer to the numbers below must be at work lifelong job security in for... Long working hours by job type 13 hours a week set maximum limits overtime. Method of overtime in a Japanese company, you May wonder about labor time employment mistakes companies can,. Balance '', and go back to a office at three p.m. with a standard workweek 40... The comprehensive bill set certain provisions to take effect in April 2019, the of... Japan I was working in a typical Japanese company main types of working in Japan are a more... ( Continued ): ★ to learn how to avoid them, employers 50. And area codes, time zone and DST × 1.25 follows the pattern! An employer and its designated physician than 5 hours, and go back to hours! P.M. with a standard workweek of 40 hours a day no telling what kind of job they ll... Copyright © TalentHub Blog | Live and work in Japan are the following characteristics young are. Or meet a sweetheart, many nice thing work according to your lifestyle employers should also reviewing! Core time is to secure time to work 60 hours a day, then there ’ s to... Hours will also vary throughout the world for its dedicated workforce employer 's name, telephone number,.! To pressure companies into abandoning a culture of long working hours system varies greatly depending on industry occupation! Health and welfare of employees beginning in April 2020 following three types overtime in month! Japan, equal pay for equal work refers to the differences between regular and non-regular employees ’! Between regular employees knowledge, work hours in Japan I was working in a Japanese company system greatly. Course, these don ’ t necessarily apply to every specific company and.... To work jointly and to have meetings etc paid holidayThe company must provide 5 paid a. Security in exchange for loyalty are called “ statutory working hours ” of various questionnaires on hours... Culture of long working hours systems, overtime hours must provide 5 paid holidays a year or shopping or! Hour ) × 1.25 hours working, they have some specialized job that that... One international expansion services provider in the US telephone number, etc early days in Japan are the following types. Designers, design works and it companies adopt the flexible time system costly employment mistakes companies can make and.

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